All staff should report every incident in which they find needles or sharps left at the bedside or thrown into the regular garbage. Surveillance programs that provide in-depth analysis of accidents are an important tool for obtaining information. The goals of these programs should include:. Add a badge to your website or intranet so your workers can quickly find answers to their health and safety questions. Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy, currency and completeness of the information, CCOHS does not guarantee, warrant, represent or undertake that the information provided is correct, accurate or current.
CCOHS is not liable for any loss, claim, or demand arising directly or indirectly from any use or reliance upon the information. OSH Answers Fact Sheets Easy-to-read, question-and-answer fact sheets covering a wide range of workplace health and safety topics, from hazards to diseases to ergonomics to workplace promotion. Search all fact sheets: Search. Type a word, a phrase, or ask a question. Needlestick injuries are wounds caused by needles that accidentally puncture the skin. Sharps can create a cut in the skin which allows contact between blood, or fluids.
The risk of infection after exposure to infected blood varies by bloodborne pathogen. The diseases include: Blastomycosis Brucellosis Cryptococcosis Diphtheria Cutaneous gonorrhea Herpes Malaria Mycobacteriosis Mycoplasma caviae Rocky Mountain spotted fever Sporotrichosis Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes Syphilis Toxoplasmosis Tuberculosis Many of these diseases were transmitted in rare, isolated events.
Injuries can occur at every stage of their use, disassembly, or disposal. Improper disposal. During disposal. Recap needle. During clean up. Collision with sharp or worker. Insertion or removal of needle. Manipulate sharp in patient. Handle, pass, transfer equipment or specimen. These work practices include:. Injuries are also closely associated with certain devices that can pose an increased risk of a blood or body fluid exposure.
These devices include:. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Minus Related Pages. Photo by Getty Images. Sharps injuries overview. Explain the transmission risks, which are small. You should be offered counselling about these tests before the blood specimens are taken.
Inform the original user of the needle about the needlestick injury - if they are known. They should be provided with counselling before the tests are done. Advise you about reducing the risk of transmission until the test results are received.
You should practise safe sex and avoid donating blood. Ask your doctor about additional counselling if you think that you will require it. Post exposure prophylaxis PEP Your treating doctor may recommend post exposure prophylaxis.
A decision to treat will depend upon: Where testing of the source of exposure is possible - whether the source tests positive to HBV or HIV.
Whether there has been exposure to blood from that source. This may involve treatments with specific medications that may prevent development of infection. You should be referred to an infectious diseases specialist for this treatment.
Ways to reduce the risk Ways of reducing the risk of needlestick injuries include: Health workers who may come in contact with blood or body fluids should receive hepatitis B vaccinations. Hepatitis B is the most common infectious disease transmitted through work-related exposure to blood. The CDC reports that 5, health care workers become infected with hepatitis B each year through job-related blood contact. There have been 54 documented cases of HIV seroconversions among U.
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