However, while an appreciation of the fascial network in relation to health and disease has been an integral part of certain manual therapies for more than a century, the concept of biotensegrity has been around for a much shorter time, and orthodox views of anatomy and biomechanics have been slow in catching up. Even though it is frequently mentioned in the literature, the precise value of biotensegrity to clinical practice is often misunderstood. Is it simply a footnote to technique or does it go beyond theory; and is it possible to see, feel, or influence it?
In order to answer these questions we must first take a step back from our instinctive response to disease, at least for a moment, and reconsider what is meant by terms such as dysfunction, injury, and illness. These words can be quite misleading because they evoke images of harm, damage, abnormality, and pathology and imply that something must be wrong and that it needs fixing.
Living tissues, however, operate in exactly the same way in a healthy body as a dysfunctioning one, in the sense that the underlying physiological processes always follow the same principles and are constrained by the same rules of self-organization. Even though homeostasis is built into the system, a change in the balance of forces in one region can shift it away from its normal operating parameters, with the tissues now acting within a different set of constraints and displaying a different pattern of behavior.
However, it is us who really make the value judgement about health and disease, not the biology. Whether we have a cut finger, chronic arthritic joint or invasive cancer, the body always responds in the most energy-efficient and only ways that it can, and the same fundamental principles of biotensegrity always apply.
The resolution of a local condition can then require a whole-body approach to treating it, or vice versa, particularly if tissues some distance away have become chronically adapted to changes in the structural balance, and an understanding of biotensegrity provides the rationale for this. Biotensegrity describes a relationship between every part of an organism and the mechanical system that integrates them into a complete functional unit.
It examines morphological complexity through the geometry of its architecture and appreciates this as a simple and energy-efficient arrangement that has refined itself over hundreds of millions of years. A constantly evolving system that enables each part to move with the minimum of effort and powers the dynamism that we recognize as life. Biotensegrity is thus not really about treatment, techniques or fixing problems but a different way to understand what is going on inside the body.
Time spent with the stick-and-string tensegrity models shows how every part of the structure is integrated into a complete functioning unit, and that its fluid-like dynamics are remarkably similar to those observed in normal living tissues.
They demonstrate the point of balanced tissue tension that is observable in practice, and show how disturbances due to posture , trauma, and pathology might alter this, with the entire system functioning in synchrony and the body operating in the most energy-efficient ways that it can at each moment. Models have always played an important part in clinical practice and provide the practitioner with a conceptual tool that can be used in both diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning. Since force applied to the Tensegrity structure is distributed throughout the system, the point that "fails" is often not the point that the "force" is applied.
Then, therapists use light touch therapies to influence and manipulate the fascia, restoring the Tensegrity structure of the body.
Developed by Kelly Clancy, Tensegrity Medicine is a blend of many different bodywork disciplines unified under one philosophy.
Although you can see shadows of these therapies in Tensegrity Medicine, it became its own medicine through patient-centered development. A session of Tensegrity Medicine typically begins with postural assessment and myofascial testing. Then, the therapist treats the findings accordingly. After each bout of treatment, we may ask you to walk up and down the hall, so that your body can process.
Don't worry if your therapist doesn't seem do very much treatment. Because we are treating the cause of your discomfort, we do not have to cast a wide net and chase the pain around the body. It is the precision of the treatment rather than the quantity that is important.
A day or two after your session, you may feel changes in your body. These changes may or may not be pleasant, but rest assured, this is a sign that your structure is reorganizing.
In general, for a given condition, we recommend treatments per week for weeks before re-assessing impact. Tensegrity Structures and their Application to Architecture. Servicio de Publicaciones Universidad de Cantabria, p. ISBN Oxford: Oxford University Press. Musculoskeletal Prestress, "[1]", Journal of Biomechanics, October Ingber, Donald E.
January For example: tension of erector spinae muscle and hamstring muscles, this tension, between them is transferred through sacrotuberal Kassolik et al. The objective of this case report is to present the efficacy of tensegrity massage in the treatment of overloaded tissues in a professionally active violinist. Patient Description The patient, a year-old male, has been playing the violin since age 7 years of age and the piano since age 11 years of age.
This was the first symptom recalled by the musician, and was caused by fatigue and overloading. Another painful episode occurred between 15 and 18 years of age, when the young musician took up mountain climbing as a hobby. At that time the patient suffered soft tissue injury, involving the latissimus dorsi muscle, and chronic longer than 6 months painful cramp of the arm and hand muscles, making playing instruments impossible.
This technique teaches people how to eliminate unnecessary muscle strain and overload, how to move effectively and with better poise, how to coordinate body movements for a long time while playing, and how to control stress and overpowering emotions.
It helps to control the body to prevent persistent cramps and excessive muscle tone Barlow, The active participation of the musician in the therapy based on the Alexander technique and his following its principles in everyday life helped the musician to achieve pain relief for a longer time. Tensegrity massage was applied to the patient for the first time in Abnormal muscle tone was found in him at that time in a less extensive body area than that described in this article. Massage-based therapy was then an effective remedy helping to achieve normalized tone in muscles and connective tissues.
The patient recovered his ability to play the instrument. The patient came to understand that before each concert and rehearsal he needed to warm up, and when playing he should involve only the muscles necessary for a certain activity, and to control emotions and stress. The musician knew the postures allowing for the reduction in strain in individual spine sections, and exercises for muscles antagonistic to those involved in holding the violin, and maintained correct body posture while playing.
However, difficulties were related to lack of physical exercise and the ability to plan and maintain regular activity. In October , the musician experienced another episode of acute pain resulting from overload and fatigue of soft tissues. Acute pain, tending to have a chronic and persistent nature, as well as cramp in the forearm and hand muscles, made the violinist seek a medical consultation. This time the patient was medicated nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs: mg oral ketoprofen, twice a day for 5 days to achieve fast pain relief.
Symptoms were temporarily alleviated and the musician was able to continue a concert tour, but the main cause of the pain was not eliminated. Tensegrity massage was applied again to the patient in November Directly before therapy, the patient did not take any analgesics.
He was diagnosed with fixed increased tone in many groups of muscles, including the short muscles of the hand, which disabled him from gripping the violin and continuation of playing the instrument.
The pain was described as burning, radiating, piercing, and persistent. Importantly, the pain occurred as a result of intensified and long-lasting overload a fixed The Application of Tensegrity Massage I. In private life, the musician is a young father, a happy husband and a person who is never in a hurry. The diagnostic procedure included palpation for the assessment of tissues in four systems subject to tensegrity massage Tables 1 and 2.
Muscle tone was assessed in the area where the most severe pain was located and in tissues close and distant to it. Before the palpation assessment the patient was examined for body posture, and information on movements while playing the instrument acquired from the patient was analyzed.
Painful areas were identified, as well as the type of mobility disorders in individual joints, and the level of physical activity. Physical examination of the patient revealed increased lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis and protracted shoulder girdle. Which connective tissue?
System no. Retinaculum mm. Deep stroking, spiral friction Superficial and deep stroking, spiral friction Deep stroking, spiral friction Kneading Superficial and deep stroking, skin mobilization, rolling, spiral friction, kneading Deep stroking, spiral friction Deep stroking, rolling, spiral friction, kneading Hypothenar, thenar and aponeurosis palmaris Deep stroking, rolling, spiral friction, kneading System no.
Anterior intermuscular septum of leg Lateral muscle group: peroneus longus peroneus brevis Tractus iliotibialis, anterior part Tensor fasciae latae 5.
Inguinale ligaments Fascia superficialis 7. Pectorialis major withfascia pectoralis Trapezius, ascending part 9. Deltoid, spinal part Trapezius, transverse part Deltoid, clavicular part Comment Connective tissues which are the most sensitive to touch and feel painful.
Connective tissues which are the most sensitive to touch and feel painful. Table 2 continued No. Trapezius, descending part Which connective tissue?
Deep stroking, spiral friction, kneading System no. Deep layer of the gluteus maximus Posterior muscle group of the femoris hamstring Which techniques?
Adductor muscles Popliteus Surae posterior muscles 6. Erector spinae muscles 7. Flexor and extensor muscles articulation — radiocarpal joint Sternocleidomastoid, left and right 8.
Which techniques? Deep stroking, longitudinal kneading Skin mobilization Superficial and deep stroking, spiral friction, kneading Deep stroking, spiral friction, kneading Friction in a single point of insertions, locally on insertions Deep stroking, deep friction, kneading the greatest strain was perceived in the fingers and palm on that side.
Applied treatment schedule The methodology of tensegrity massage was chosen based on the acquired information. The VAS is a widely used pain scale, valid and reliable in assessment of chronic pain intensity Stinson et al. We used GHQ as one of the most widely used and validated questionnaires to screen the emotional distress. It has also been tested in numerous populations including people with various musculoskeletal conditions as whiplash associated disorders, stroke and spinal cord injury.
No changes in life routine — continuation of playing the violin. Modifications of the massage methodology Purpose of the massage: treatment of tissues in systems no. The patient was informed about modification of massage methodology; it will include a greater number of tissues and will last longer.
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